Heating system in the cottage and installation diagram. Do-it-yourself cottage heating: from design to installation. Additional heating equipment for a cottage

It makes no sense to prove that heating should be installed in it for a comfortable stay. and so they understand. Many are specific about what system to choose, what its installation arrangements are and whether it is possible to do it yourself. This can be a dead end, not because of complexity, but because of diversity. good stove has sunk into today's market to offer a lot of economical, maintenance-friendly solutions. As part of the article, we will talk about how to arrange heating, what heating schemes exist, select a boiler and heating pipes. Also applied questions: making a project and everything, how to implement the systems with your own and what are the nuances.

Heating design

Boiler room installation boiler installation

Radiator installation

Heating pipeline installation

Start heating

There are several types of heating systems. from the main coolant, which warms, heats

Coolant in heating

According to the coolant systems, cottages are divided into water, electric, and open. The latter represent a stove, a rough fireplace, they can heat a one-story house, and it will be hot in the immediate vicinity; at a distance, the floor is also cold.

The water one is the most common, 90% of cases are implemented using it. It is a circuit containing a boiler, water, radiator pipes, through which water heated by the boiler moves, a pump, an expansion tank or other elements. The hot water moves from the pipes to the radiators, and when it cools down, the boiler returns again, where the cycle begins again

Water heating can be realized using various devices. This could be a gas or solid fuel boiler, as well as energy sources, etc.). Instead of water, the system can use antifreeze. Installation of a heating system with all equipment by design work for approximately 10,000 USD.

the system can be represented by electric convectors, long-wave heaters and a floor system. It’s very simple, just buy it and install it in the desired location. Thanks to this, the arrangement of an electric cottage is low, spend about 1500 USD for 100 m2. acquisition of equipment. But the monthly electricity bills are astronomical. It’s difficult to call this other economical ones.

The heating system is based on hot air. There is a system that heats the air ducts, moves the heated one and returns the cold one to the heat generator. the air rises into the room and under the ceiling in such a place, displacing the cold that has accumulated with the door and window. The cold air is forced out into the air ducts leading to the heat generator. air can be realized by two gravitational circulations due to the difference and forced circulation using a fan. The first has one drawback: if the window or window circulation is disrupted.

A heat generator for a heating system burns natural diesel or combustion products into a chimney. Such a cottage system can be built at the construction stage, so the structural elements themselves should have an increased height for the convenience of air ducts. It will cost approximately USD.

Conclusion! water heating is a fundamental, economically common choice. It is chosen practically. Electric heating systems can be considered as an additional heating system, so to speak, an option. Air is not yet widespread, although if you put it into the project, it will turn out to be much more watery.

Heating boiler energy/fuel

gradation, which when choosing a system, is combustible (or fuel/energy carrier. The cost of a cottage in will be directly from the energy carrier.

There are boilers for natural gas, solid gas and diesel. The latter option is extremely rare. using a boiler is used as a backup option to a gas or boiler, especially in regions where electricity is cheaper. boilers use areas where the main natural In addition to boilers that are loaded or firewood, modern solid fuels such as those operating on

Important! The most convenient gas heating is not gas and gas + electric or In areas where there is no mains at all, a combined boiler + system is more appropriate

Method for implementing heating with coolant

So the most common publicly available heating system is, let’s look at how heating is done on it

Radiators for the heating arrangement familiar to everyone. good heat transfer, the radiators themselves to the coolant. For a cottage, autonomous heating is not essential. In the system, heat flows from the radiator to the ceiling, cold air enters the window, then below the ceiling drops down to the floor, cooling. By air returns to the wall from where again

A warm water system that maximizes the temperature near is especially relevant for families with small children. water floor throughout the room and in the screed in the raised floor. circulating heats the screed next to it, the warmest it rises. Warm floors are used in the only system in a cottage for year-round living, as ours do not allow luxury. Its installation is only an addition to

The plinth system has absorbed the best of the radiator and heated floors. are located along the walls along the perimeter of the room where the heat spreads to both the room and the room is heated at all points equally. The advantage of the system is that the place does not have radiators and the furniture is more organic.

As it should be noted, radiator heating is possible both in a cottage and in an already existing one. But heated floors are only for construction purposes, otherwise it will be completely remodeled

Cottage system diagram

After the type of system, you need to decide on its design. We chose water heating, implemented using radiators through the windows, just in case.

There are different schemes for routing heating pipes: single-pipe and manifold.

The heating circuit is a closed circuit in which it passes through one radiator after another in a chain only, after the last one leaves the radiator, it returns to the boiler. Right from the boiler, the temperature is the highest. As a result, the cottage is warmed up. The system is installed in small houses and cottages; the heating water does not cool down much.

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stroim-gramotno.ru

Water heating in a private house: do-it-yourself diagram and installation

In order for the water heating of a private house to be installed correctly, you need to know the basic methodology for performing construction work. Arranging individual heating with your own hands is a special event, which belongs to the category of specific ones and involves the implementation of many special installation works. Only competently performed work, such as installation of the entire heating system, will guarantee high-quality heating.

Water heating in which movement is carried out due to the difference in internal pressures. Click on photo to enlarge.

Using a water heating system has many advantages for the home owner. Today, even stove heating is not so efficient. Water heating is practical, because the boiler does not require a separate room; it can be located in the kitchen or basement (and any other convenient place).

Experts carried out calculations, according to which they found that water heating is not only practical, but also economical, because it can provide fuel savings (when compared with stove heating) of up to 20%. The most common and simple water heating system operates on the principle of natural circulation of the existing coolant.

In this case, the water (that is, the coolant) can be driven without the help of an external driving force, such as a pump.

The movement is carried out due to the difference in internal pressures of hot and cold water masses. The pressure that is created in the main riser is always slightly lower than that that is formed in the cooled risers. Continuous circulation of the coolant is carried out due to the fact that cold water, which comes from the heating batteries, returning to the boiler, displaces heated water.

In this article, each consumer will be able to receive a competent description of the general structure of the water heating system, all the subtleties of its design and installation.

Mandatory requirements for the heating system

To maintain continuous coolant circulation in the system, you need to insulate the main riser. It is worth focusing on the fact that the process of moving the coolant can continue as long as the system is filled with water. In this case, the temperature difference (cold and hot flows) should be no less than 25 degrees Celsius.

If desired, you can easily speed up the water circulation process. This can be done by increasing the height distance between the boiler and the heating devices themselves. However, it is worth remembering an important detail - the minimum distance cannot be less than three meters. It is for this reason that experts recommend installing a water heating boiler in the basement, in the same place where the fuel storage is usually located. If your private house does not have a basement, then the boiler can be placed on the ground floor, at the level of the heating devices themselves on the first floor of the house.

In this case, it is necessary to try to move the center of the boiler vertically lower - approximately 15-20 cm from the center line of the heating devices themselves. This can be done using a “pit”. Almost all existing water heating systems operate on the principle of natural water circulation and usually operate within a range of 15-30 meters. It is at this distance that the water pressure drops, which is spent on overcoming intra-system friction.

In order to reduce this figure, you need to use larger diameter pipes in the system itself, as well as heating devices that have wide passage holes. Heating schemes are ordered and created by specialists; it is almost impossible to make a water heating project on your own, because for the high-quality operation of all equipment it is necessary to take into account even the smallest details.

Two-pipe water heating of a country house. Click on photo to enlarge.

The two-pipe system got its name due to the fact that in such a system there must be at least several separate pipes (or risers) for supplying hot water, as well as several other separate pipes for discharging already cooled water.

Single-pipe systems use only one pipe or riser. Today on the consumer market there are a huge number of systems for heating rooms, but more and more residents of private houses are installing two-pipe water heating with their own hands. One of the most effective room heating systems is “cluster”. It is implemented by laying hot pipes, as well as return pipes at the level of the heating batteries themselves.

Heating units are shifted in such a way that they can reach a minimum in coolant flow. The “cluster system” received its name because of its characteristic arrangement of heating devices; they resemble a stove that heats other rooms with its surfaces.

It is this system that is most often found in the southern regions. It is very easy to achieve the required level of room heating, and energy consumption will be minimal. Such a system can easily be used in projects for private houses that are being built in the regions of Russia.

Using this option of water heating, it is more convenient to run the return line directly near the floor (in this case, there should be no doors in the path of the installation). Thresholds are bypassed by using a U-shaped pipe; you can also lay the entire pipe or some part of it under the floor itself.

When using water heating of this type, experts insist that consumers do not install any other connecting elements in the underground area, because they will be hidden from any visual inspection, and if they fail, it will be difficult to determine the cause of the failure.

Also, such a section of pipes should be insulated, for which mineral wool is used. This procedure is carried out in order to avoid freezing in winter. Heating schemes for a private home must be designed by specialists, taking into account all the details and nuances that may not be known to the average person.

The section of the upper distribution for hot water must be fixed at a distance of at least 40-50 cm from the ceilings. It is this kind of wiring that significantly disfigures the appearance of the room, and also increases heat loss several times through the walls and ceilings.

To hide obvious flaws and the not very attractive appearance of such a system, it is best to place hot distribution pipes in the attic, but they must be carefully insulated there. In this case, it is impossible to do without small “buts”, because the owner of the room will still have to make small holes in the ceiling for the pipe wiring itself.

What does this type of water heating consist of?

1. riser;
2. main riser;
3. expansion tank;
4. overflow pipe;
5. sink;
6. chilled water pipes;
7. boiler;
8. radiator.

The option of a two-pipe distribution of the heating system, which is located near the ceiling near the hot distribution, is usually used when any obstacles arise when laying the return line along the floor covering. The main disadvantage of a system installed in this way is considered to be the very slow heating of the coolant in the system itself. In order to speed up the heating process, additional special devices called expansion tanks are often used.

This is what a water heating radiator with steel pipes looks like. Click on photo to enlarge.

Installation schemes must be thought out to the smallest detail, therefore, although the installation of water heating in a private house can be done with your own hands without the help of specialists, creating a high-quality project is not.

The main factor that experts focus on when choosing equipment, its volume, number of radiators, pipe footage, as well as other useful auxiliary materials, such as fittings, valves, flaps and plugs, is the area of ​​the heated room of a private house. For extended sections (from 5 to 10 meters), metal-plastic or steel pipes should be used.

The main guidelines that you should pay attention to when choosing the size, method of laying heating pipes and installing them yourself:

1. you need to use an inch-sized pipe;
2. cold and hot distribution lines should be drawn with a slight slope directly towards the hot water flow.

Experts recommend installing taps on each battery. This method will help directly control the supply of hot water to each individual room of your private home. If the consumer uses an expansion tank from 20 to 30 liters, it must be installed at a height of 3 meters - above the heating boiler itself.

ultra-term.ru

Do-it-yourself cottage heating: from design to installation

It is possible to make a cottage heating system yourself

There is no doubt that in the climatic conditions of Russia, living quarters must be equipped with a heating system. Year-round living is only possible in a house or cottage that provides a comfortable temperature for a person. And if this statement is almost indisputable, then the choice of a heating system and its configuration depend on many factors and always raise a lot of questions. This is especially true when the cottage heating system is made by hand.

Cottage heating system project

Whatever your preferences regarding the equipment or the type of fuel used, work should begin with designing a cottage heating system. First, they draw a heating diagram for the cottage, and then enter the following parameters into a special computer program:

Before starting work, it is necessary to make a heating system design

Room area;

Floor and roof material;

Wall material and thickness;

Number and sizes of windows;

Number and sizes of doorways;

Climatic zone, etc.

If you decide to create a cottage heating system project yourself, the easiest way to do this is using a special program. You can use any program for calculating elements of engineering systems, for example Valtec. Calculation of heat loss helps to correctly select the boiler power, which can be difficult to determine by eye, especially if the cottage is multi-level or of a large area.

In addition to the boiler power, the cottage heating project helps to calculate other necessary parameters:

Length and diameter of pipes;

Number and power of radiators;

Location of the boiler and chimney.

Important components of a cottage heating system are internal wiring and the arrangement of radiators. The layout of pipes and radiators largely depends on the layout and area of ​​the cottage.

After all calculations are completed and the cottage heating project is ready, you can begin purchasing equipment and materials.

Of course, if you plan to build a cottage heating system with your own hands, and not hire a team of builders. By the way, the cottage heating scheme may be useful to you in the future, for example, in the event of an emergency.

Requirements for installation of heating equipment

Installation and installation of cottage heating requires relatively powerful equipment, therefore, in order to comply with fire safety, it is necessary to install a special boiler room. The requirements for such individual boiler rooms are not very difficult to comply with, but violation of them can lead to irreparable consequences. Here is a short list of these requirements:

1. The volume of the room is not less than 15 m. cube
2. Opening window
3. The door should open outwards
4. Boiler grounding
5. The presence of a chimney, and ideally a supply and exhaust ventilation system
6. Free area in front of the heating boiler of at least 1 sq.m.
7. Non-combustible materials in the decoration of the boiler room.

Installation of a cottage heating system

After the boiler room has been arranged, radiators are installed according to the heating scheme of the cottage. The main parameters by which consumers choose radiators are: size, power and the material from which they are made.

Types of heating radiators

1. Cast iron radiators have stood the test of time and are increasingly being used again. They are a little more difficult to install than other models, but they are resistant to corrosion and can withstand pressure changes. The design and colors of modern cast iron radiators are very diverse.
2. Aluminum radiators are the most popular solution. This is explained by their low cost and ease of installation. Aluminum radiators are more demanding on the composition of water, the alkaline properties of which can significantly affect their service life.
3. Steel radiators are the most economical compared to other types of radiators. They have high heat transfer and are durable.

Internal wiring

When installing a cottage heating system, special attention should be paid to the material of the pipes. Today, there are several types of pipes that are traditionally used in heating systems. Let's take a closer look at these types.

1. Steel pipes. Durable, resistant to pressure changes, but difficult to install and susceptible to corrosion. Over the years, a layer of rust settles on the inner walls, which can impede the flow of water.
2. Metal-plastic pipes. Durable, flexible and easy to install. Convenient to use with complex geometry of the heating system. But they also have a number of weak points: they are destroyed by mechanical stress and ultraviolet radiation, and are also flammable.
3. Propylene pipes. The most popular material, which is undoubtedly due to the price of such pipes. They are the most economical compared to pipes of other materials. They have only one drawback - good flammability. Otherwise, it is an ideal material for heating pipes. They do not rust, do not crack, are easily welded using special “irons”, and are durable in use.
4. Stainless steel pipes. They are usually used in non-residential premises: basements, laundries, billiard rooms. They have good heat transfer, so high that they can heat a room without installing radiators. A variety is corrugated stainless steel pipes. In addition to the above, they have one more advantage: they easily “go around” corners and turns without additional joints.

Crimping

Before starting the heating system, it is necessary to check all components and connections. To do this, the system is pressurized. That is, they pump air or water under pressure 2-2.5 times higher than the working pressure and leave it for a day. During this time, leaks are detected and eliminated at the junctions of system parts. For the first time, it is recommended to heat the boiler to no more than 40 C. After filling the entire system with water, each radiator is checked for warming up and the entire heating system as a whole. After checking, the heating power of the boiler can be increased.

Two-pipe cottage heating system

Heating systems are divided into two large groups: single-pipe and double-pipe. Let's consider a two-pipe cottage heating system as the most popular. First of all, let’s find out how it differs from a single-pipe cottage heating system. In both cases, the heating system is a closed ring through which heated water circulates, releasing its heat into the rooms. In a one-pipe system there is no separate supply and return pipe. Thus, the inlet temperature of the heating devices is higher, and the outlet temperature is lower.

With a two-pipe system, each radiator (or a riser with several radiators) is mounted in gaps with a supply and return pipe.

More details about the approximate heating scheme for a two-story cottage can be found in the figure.

Heating scheme for a two-story cottage

utepleniedoma.com

Do-it-yourself installation of a heating system in a cottage. Diagram and manual

For residents of country cottages, an important task is the installation of a heating system. If in summer you can easily do without heating, then in winter heating devices are unlikely to save you from frost.

Heating methods

Installation of a heating system in a cottage can be carried out in two ways. The first option involves connecting the coolant through a common heating plant; in this case, heat can be supplied to several houses simultaneously. The advantage of the system is the rapid elimination of accidents at thermal power plants. But the system has a number of disadvantages, including:

• increased likelihood of water hammer;
• inability to control temperature;
• You can start heating only during the heating season.

The local heating system is superior in performance to the central system. First of all, the likelihood of water hammer occurring is reduced. You can use any fuel and apply heating at the time you need it. The only disadvantage of the system is the high cost of heating.

Which heating radiators to choose?

Despite the types of heating systems, in any case, special equipment is required to supply heat to the cottage: heating radiators, radiators. All heating equipment can be divided into 4 types:

1) Cast iron radiators are an excellent coolant. But they are not without the risk of water hammer, which can lead to damage when the heating season begins. Since the inner surface of the radiator is rough, it is capable of accumulating limescale deposits, which block the flow of heat into the room. When choosing a cast iron radiator for a cottage, you should consider that a local heating system is installed.

2) Steel radiators are more resistant to water hammer and do not have the disadvantages of cast iron radiators; they transfer heat better. But they are not resistant to corrosion; rust may form on the inner wall, which requires careful maintenance of the batteries, or they will require too frequent replacement.

3) Aluminum radiators have a lightweight design, conduct heat well, are resistant to corrosion, but are not able to withstand water hammer. If the cottage uses a local heating system, then such a radiator can be an excellent solution.

4) Bimetallic radiators are the most efficient. They are resistant to corrosion, water hammer, do not form scale on the inner surface, and give off more heat. Among the shortcomings, only the high price was identified.

Cottage heating system diagram

One of the most common types of heating systems is a water heating system, using radiators under the windows.

There are 3 different schemes according to which the heating system pipes can be laid out - one-pipe, two-pipe and manifold.

A single-pipe heating circuit is a closed circuit in which water flows through the pipes and radiator, and then when it leaves the last radiator it returns to the boiler. Thus, the temperature of the cottage will be uneven. It is usually installed in small houses and cottages where the water does not cool quickly.

Two-pipe heating scheme - in this case, all radiators will be connected to the hot water pipeline in parallel.

The collector system is an excellent option for large houses and cottages. In this system, hot water first enters the collector from the boiler, which then distributes it to all radiators. This heating scheme makes it possible to regulate the temperature in any corner of the room or on the radiator.

How to choose a heating boiler

In total, the following types of boilers are distinguished:

• gas;
• solid fuel;
• electrical;
• diesel

Choose the cheapest and most accessible energy source in your region. If you live in a cottage, then it is recommended to take boilers that run on diesel, gas fuel and electricity, which operate automatically and do not need to constantly interfere with their operation.

There are single-circuit and double-circuit heating boilers. The first provide heating or hot water heating. The latter can cope with two tasks at the same time.

Power needs to be calculated. But many also take the total power of all installed radiators and +15-35% of the reserve.

DIY cottage heating

It is best not to install heating in the cottage yourself, but it is recommended to seek help from professionals. Or order a heating project from a design office to be sure that you are building the right system.

Cottage heating design

It is also necessary to install a heating boiler. For this purpose, select a special room. Set up a boiler room inside or outside the cottage. Consider all installation and operating requirements.

Calculation of pipe diameter for heating a private house

Designing and installing a heating system yourself is a challenging task. To solve it, it is necessary to first resolve a number of important issues - choose the optimal energy carrier option, decide on the layout of pipes and radiators. This is why the practical implementation of a cottage heating system with your own hands is important: diagrams, projects.

Cottage heating schemes - piping layout

This article will consider only do-it-yourself water heating of a cottage, as one of the most optimal and economical. Along with it, it is possible to equip additional heat supply systems - geothermal and PLEN. Thanks to them, operating costs will be reduced and the level of comfort of living in the cottage will increase.

Any cottage heating project begins with choosing a piping layout. The heating rate of the radiators, the maintainability of the system and the possibility of expansion to supply heat to additional premises or domestic buildings will depend on it.

Single pipe cottage system

Installing a single-pipe circuit is one of the easiest ways to turnkey heating a cottage. Its design principle is to install only one line, to which radiators are connected in series.

It requires powerful gas boilers for heating the cottage, since as hot water passes through the radiators, a significant decrease in its temperature will be observed. The single-pipe scheme is characterized by ease of installation and low costs for the purchase of materials. However, at present, this scheme of a cottage heating system is practically not used for the following reasons:

• Problems when performing hydraulic and thermal calculations. It is difficult to predict the possible pressure in the heating system of a cottage, since the characteristics of the coolant change as it cools;
• Difficulty in adjusting the degree of heating of batteries. Restricting the flow of coolant into one of them will change the thermal operating conditions of the entire system;
• Limited number of connected batteries.

That is why this cottage heating scheme is used for buildings whose area does not exceed 50 m². To be able to dismantle or repair radiators, a bypass must be installed on each of them.

Two-pipe heating scheme for a cottage

To improve operational parameters, it is recommended to install a two-pipe heating system for the cottage. It differs from the one discussed above by the presence of an additional line - a return pipe. In this case, the radiators are connected in parallel.

If you plan to heat your cottage with gas, you need to take care to reduce its consumption. This can be done in several ways. But the most optimal is to install a two-pipe heating system for the cottage. To independently design and select materials for installation according to this scheme, you must consider the following points:

• Mandatory calculation of pipe diameter to minimize hydraulic losses and prevent a decrease in pressure in the cottage heating system;
• Material consumption compared to a single-pipe will at least double. This will affect the overall budget for creating a cottage heating project;
• Mandatory installation of thermostats on radiators. With their help, you can change the heating of devices without affecting the general parameters of the system.

This design of the cottage heating system is characterized by design flexibility. If necessary, you can install additional risers (horizontal or vertical) to connect new radiators or provide heat supply to another room or building.

To improve the appearance of the rooms, you can choose a cottage heating scheme with hidden installation of pipes. However, it is necessary to ensure access to key components of the system.

Collector heating supply for a cottage

How to properly install heating in a cottage if its area is equal to or exceeds 200 m². Even installing a two-pipe system in this case will be impractical. To solve this issue, it is best to use collector piping.

Currently, this is one of the most difficult ways to organize heating of a cottage with your own hands. To uniformly distribute the coolant over a large area of ​​the building, a multipath piping scheme is used. Immediately after the boiler, the main and return collectors are installed, to which several independent lines are connected. Unlike the two-pipe heating system of a cottage, the collector system provides the ability to regulate the operation of the heat supply for each individual circuit. For this purpose, control devices are installed - thermostats and flow meters.

The features of collector heating for a do-it-yourself cottage include:

• Uniform heat distribution over all circuits, regardless of their distance;
• Possibility of using small diameter pipes – up to 20 mm. This is due to the small length of each node of the system;
• Increased pipe consumption. In order to properly install collector heating in a cottage, it is necessary to draw up a pipeline installation diagram in advance. They can be wall or floor mounted;
• Mandatory installation of a pump for each circuit. This is due to the high hydraulic resistance that occurs in the collector. It may interfere with coolant circulation.

When choosing a ready-made heating supply project for a cottage or when drawing it up yourself, you need to take into account the heat losses of the building. The design power of the entire system will depend on them.

For two and three-story cottages with a large area, a heat supply system with several distribution manifolds is best suited.

Gas heating of the cottage

One of the best options for creating a scheme for maintaining a comfortable temperature in a country house is heating the cottage with gas. To do this, you need to connect to the central distribution line or arrange a place to store cylinders. An alternative to such an organization is the installation of a gas holder - a special gas storage facility.

But at the first stage it is necessary to choose the right boiler for heating the cottage. It must ensure optimal performance of the entire system, be reliable and functional.

Choosing a boiler to complete the cottage heating system

The main parameter of any heating system is its rated power. The same applies to boilers for heating a cottage. To calculate this parameter, it is best to use special software packages. It is first necessary to calculate the heat losses of the building.

After determining the rated power of the boiler, you should select its model. The main parameters are its functional and operational characteristics:

• Installation method– floor or wall. If you have chosen a heating scheme for a small cottage, you can opt for wall-mounted models. For houses with a large area, it is necessary to install powerful gas boilers. They mostly have a floor mounting design;
• Availability of a second circuit heating water for organizing hot water supply;
• Boiler operation control and safety devices. They will ensure optimal pressure in the heating system of the cottage. This parameter for a closed system with forced circulation varies from 3 to 6 atm.

An important point is the preliminary calculation of gas consumption for heating the cottage. This parameter is indicated by the manufacturer in the passport. For devices with a power of 24 kW, consumption is on average 1.12 m³ per hour. Accordingly, in order to obtain the preliminary gas consumption for heating the cottage, this value must be multiplied first by 24, and then by the number of days in the heating season.

The installation of gas boilers for heating a cottage must be carried out by companies with a license to carry out this type of work. Otherwise, representatives of the management company will have the right to disconnect the house from the central highway.

Additional heating equipment for a cottage

Professional heating planning in a cottage involves selecting all system components according to pre-calculated parameters. Otherwise, even when installing a modern and economical gas boiler to supply heat to the cottage, the efficiency of the entire system will be unsatisfactory.

It should be taken into account that when purchasing a turnkey heating project for a cottage, it will be problematic to change any characteristics of the system components. Therefore, you need to familiarize yourself with the contents of the technical documentation in advance. To do this, you need to know the basic technical properties of the cottage heating elements:

• Radiators. With their help, thermal energy is transferred from hot water to the room. An important parameter is the specific power - W. This total value of radiators installed in the room must correspond to the calculated value for the room;
• Pipelines. Their diameter and material of manufacture are affected by the thermal operating conditions of the heating. Effective heating of a cottage using a gas boiler implies a low-temperature operating mode - 55/40 or 65/50. This will reduce gas consumption for heating the cottage. For such schemes, polymer pipes can be used;
• Security group. These include the expansion tank, air vents and bleed valves. It is mandatory to install shut-off valves in critical sections of the highway - branches, when connecting radiators.

In practice, the configuration of a heating system largely depends on the characteristics of the building - its area, the degree of thermal insulation, and the selected heating scheme. The parameters of each device must be calculated in advance.

For gas heating of a cottage, it is necessary to install a reliable carbon monoxide removal system - a chimney. For this, it is recommended to use sandwich chimneys.

Heating a cottage without gas - possible options

But what to do if it is not possible to organize gas heating for the cottage? Installing solid fuel boilers is not always advisable. Therefore, country property owners are considering alternative options for heating a cottage without gas.

The easiest way to maintain a comfortable temperature in the rooms of a cottage is to install an electric heating boiler. It can be either the main source of thermal energy or an auxiliary one. However, it will be characterized by high energy consumption costs. This will significantly affect the family budget of those living in a large cottage.

Therefore, we suggest considering other alternative methods of heating a cottage without gas. Each of them has specifics of service and configuration and is not always suitable for organizing the heat supply of a particular residential building.

Along with the installation of an electric boiler for heating the cottage, it is recommended to install a heat accumulator. With its help, you can switch to the night mode of operation of the equipment - at this time there is a preferential tariff for heating payments.

Stove heating for the cottage

Upon initial analysis, we can conclude that stove heating of cottages is ineffective. However, it is necessary to take into account the operating features and characteristics of a country house - its total volume, degree of thermal insulation and frequency of residence.

For small buildings and in the absence of a gas main, combined heat supply can be installed. Considering that many old cottages have stove heating installed, a small modernization is being done to improve its characteristics:

• Electric boiler installation. It must have a coolant temperature sensor and a function to turn off the heating element when optimal water heating is achieved. A heat exchanger is installed in the furnace and connected to a common water heating system. As a result, the coolant is heated from it, and the electric boiler only maintains the desired temperature level;
• Air heating. A solid air pocket is installed around the furnace firebox, which is isolated from the combustion chamber. Air lines are connected to this structure, which deliver hot air to the premises of the cottage. To increase the air exchange rate, it is possible to install fans.

You can also opt for traditional stove heating at home. Then you should make a system of air ducts and chimneys. With their help, the wall next to which the stove is installed will be heated. Stove heating requires annual cleaning of chimneys. A large amount of soot inside the pipes will worsen traction performance.

Unlike apartments in high-rise buildings, private houses and cottages are not connected to centralized heating. On the one hand, this is a disadvantage, because owners have to independently solve the problems of designing and installing systems. On the other hand, it is a significant advantage, since the house does not depend on heat suppliers. When the heating season begins, only the owners decide. They don’t have to freeze in the off-season or overpay for low-quality services. Heating a cottage should be economical, safe and easy to use. How to implement it.

What is the most profitable heating system in a cottage?

If it is possible to connect to a gas main, this is an ideal option. Water heating in a cottage from a gas boiler was and remains the most profitable. It is best to use radiators as heating devices.

Warm floor in a cottage

An alternative to traditional batteries is water heated floors. However, in regions with harsh climates, underfloor heating alone will not be enough. You can choose a combined option: radiators and heated floors.

In the absence of gas, you have to choose which energy source is the cheapest. It can be electricity, solid or liquid fuel. When making calculations, they are guided by the area and number of floors of the cottage. The type of building materials and thermal insulation features are also important.

For a comfortable stay, you need to take care of the hot water supply. It often makes sense to connect a double-circuit boiler, which will provide both heating and the required volume of hot water.

Scheme of combined heating and hot water supply

Pros and cons of different types of coolants

Depending on the coolant, heating can be water, air, or electric. Some cottages are heated using open flames - fireplaces or stoves. Each type of coolant has its own advantages and disadvantages:

Water systems consist of a boiler, pipes and radiators. The cold coolant is heated in the boiler, then flows through pipes into radiators, where it gives off heat to the surrounding air. The cooled water is fed into the boiler and the cycle repeats.

If the system is combined with underfloor heating, then the coolant flows from the radiators into the second circuit and only then returns to the heating device. The boiler itself can operate on gas, electricity, solid or liquid fuel.

Water heating with radiators

The principle of operation of the air system is simple: cold air enters the heat generator, from where it is supplied through air ducts to the rooms of the cottage. Warm flows displace cold ones, which also enter the heat generator, and the cycle repeats.

The air circulation mode can be natural or forced. In the first case, the heating in the cottage is disrupted if the windows or doors are open. And in the second you have to use electric fans.

To heat the cottage, you can use convectors, heaters or any type of electric heated floor (cable, carbon, etc.). These systems are the easiest to maintain because they are usually fully automated.

Scheme of air heating with a gas furnace

Electric heating of a cottage will cost much more than other types of heating. Another disadvantage: in the event of an accident, the house may be left without electricity and heating at the same time.

A stove or fireplace may be a good option for a small space, but it is unlikely to be suitable for a house with several rooms. In addition, you will have to give up the idea of ​​​​organizing a convenient hot water system.

Autonomous heating of a private house

What should you choose?

Most home owners install water systems, but this does not mean that other options are not possible. If the house design includes air heating in the cottage, it can be much more profitable, especially if the heat generator runs on gas or the owner has the opportunity to buy diesel fuel cheaply.

For ease of installation of the air system, the height of the ceilings in the rooms is increased. This allows you to correctly position and disguise the air ducts. Some other changes will also be required, but all the hassle and expense are worth it if a successful project is drawn up and the system itself is correctly installed.

Electrical appliances are the worst choice if you plan to use them to equip the main heating system in the cottage, but they can well be used as an additional or alternative one. If electrical appliances are turned on only in severe frosts or temporarily replace the water or air system in the event of an emergency, this is a completely acceptable option.

Cottage air heating scheme

Fuel: considering energy options

It makes no sense to discuss the issue of the optimal energy carrier if it is possible to supply gas. Monthly bill amounts will depend on the cost of fuel, so gas systems have no competition. If there is no gas, then the choice comes down to solid fuel (wood, coal, pellets, briquettes) and liquid (diesel fuel).

Prudent owners often buy boilers designed for two types of energy carriers: gaseous and solid. This makes sense if there is a risk of a significant increase in gas prices or if you need a backup option in case of unforeseen circumstances. The transition from one type of energy carrier to another is carried out with the help of a small re-equipment of the boiler.

Note! Experts believe that combination boilers should not be purchased unless absolutely necessary, because... they are less reliable.

Diagram: solid fuel boiler design

Which heating boiler is better to install?

The boiler is selected depending on the available fuel. The number of options is limited:

• Gas. Modern gas boilers are equipped with reliable automation. They are safe and easy to use. Preventive inspections must be carried out after the end of the heating season and/or before the start of a new one.

• Electrical. Heating using an electric boiler is fully automated. Some models can be programmed to switch to the desired mode by the clock.

• Liquid fuel. Boilers running on diesel fuel are also equipped with automatic control systems. This is convenient because... you don’t have to constantly monitor their work.

• Solid fuel. Firewood and coal are the most profitable energy sources after gas, but such boilers are inconvenient to use. Home owners need to control the amount of fuel. There are models with automatic firewood supply, but they are very expensive and not everyone can afford them.

Diagram of the liquid fuel boiler

What else should you consider when choosing a model?

For heating and hot water supply to the cottage, you can choose either a double-circuit model or two single-circuit ones. In the second case, the systems will work independently of each other, which is convenient in large houses.

The boiler power is calculated based on the sum of the powers of all heating devices in the house. You should add 20-30% to it and select a model based on this data.

Attention! It is best to entrust the calculations to a specialist, because... a person without heating system design skills can easily make mistakes.

Scheme: operating principle of the dual-circuit model

Schemes for the implementation of water heating of a cottage

Water circulation in the heating system can be natural or forced. In the first case, the water moves by gravity, and in the second, it is supplied to the radiators using a circulation pump. There are boilers with built-in pumps. They are much more convenient, but the cost of such models is higher than without additional equipment.
Natural circulation is possible due to the fact that warm and cold water have different densities, and the system itself is installed at a slope of 3-5 degrees. Heating with natural circulation is energy-independent, and its circuit is simple. This is an excellent option for heating a small cottage. However, if the heating circuit has a total length of more than 30 m, such a scheme will not be implemented due to the pressure in the system being too low.

To circulate the coolant in forced mode, it is not necessary to install a slope. The task of pumping water falls on the pump. This is an obvious plus. But there are also disadvantages. If there is a power outage, the circulation pump will stop working and the house will begin to cool down. There are two options for solving the problem: purchasing an emergency generator and installing a system that can operate in both modes.

Heating scheme with natural coolant circulation

Option #1: single-pipe wiring

The single-pipe wiring scheme is beneficial in terms of costs for materials and installation, but it has much more disadvantages than advantages. A single-pipe system should be chosen if the owner of the cottage is limited in funds. If your budget allows you to implement a two-pipe scheme, it is better to stick with it. However, experts have differing opinions on this issue.

Coming from the boiler, water sequentially passes through all radiators. The closest heating device warms up to the maximum, and each subsequent one gets less and less. Uneven distribution of thermal energy means that some rooms may be too hot, while others may be too cold.

You can solve the problem using the so-called. "Leningrad" scheme. It provides for the installation of shut-off valves and bypasses on radiators. By turning off one heating device, the home owner can achieve better heating of another. Thanks to the bypass pipe, the movement of the coolant does not stop.

Heating scheme "Leningradka" with pump

Option #2: two-pipe system

Each radiator of a two-pipe system is connected to two pipes: forward and reverse current. Thanks to this, the radiators warm up approximately equally in all rooms of the house. If you need to achieve different thermal conditions in the rooms, the temperature of the devices can be adjusted independently of each other.

The following wiring options are possible:

Bottom vertical. In a vertical system with bottom wiring, the supply pipe runs along the floor of the first floor or basement of the house. The coolant moves along them, rises up the risers and is supplied to the radiators. From the heating appliances, water flows into the return pipe and returns to the boiler. To remove air bubbles, an expansion tank, an air pipe, and Mayevsky taps are installed.

Scheme of a vertical system with bottom wiring

Top vertical. Using a vertical system with overhead wiring, the heated coolant is supplied to the ceiling or into the attic, and then flows through the risers into the radiators and back into the boiler. Upper wiring is preferable to lower wiring, because higher pressure is created in the system. An expansion tank is installed to remove air.

Scheme of a vertical system with top wiring

Horizontal. Heating in a cottage is most often installed according to this scheme. The wiring can be a dead-end, with a passing movement of water, or a radial (collector) connection. Although the last type of wiring is the most expensive, it is better to choose it because the collector system ensures uniform heating of all rooms of the building, and in case of problems, you can always repair a damaged radiator without turning off the heating in the entire house.

Video: detailed explanations from a specialist

Heating installation in a two-story cottage

When choosing the type of heating for a cottage, all factors should be taken into account, but the most important of them are the cost of fuel and the degree of autonomy of the system. When the decision is made, it is necessary to develop a project and prepare technical documentation. It is better to entrust this work to the specialists of the design bureau.

Advice. Do not attempt to do the calculations yourself unless you have the appropriate training and experience. Mistakes are too costly. You can save money later on installation if you do everything yourself.

When all technical documentation is ready, you can begin selecting a boiler, purchasing materials, and installing equipment. When working, you should adhere to SNiP 31-02 and safety regulations.

We design turnkey heating systems for individual private houses. We will install heating systems at reasonable prices. Comfortable heat supply for every square meter of a low-rise building depends on heating equipment, the quality of pipes, radiators...

At the stage of building a house, a heating option with a calibrated heat load for each room is designed. We implement proven piping diagrams, heating devices and an energy-efficient heating boiler.

Prices for installation of heating and boiler piping in cottages per square meter

* We offer a free visit of a specialist to evaluate the work. The customer will only find out the cost “up to a ruble” at the work site. (No other way)

We will provide it for free

estimate

Heating a house with warm water floors

Radiator heating of the cottage will perfectly complement or replace the “Warm Floor”. The system is filled with various coolants, but usually water-based. The material for installing a water floor is used from a metal-plastic pipe and cross-linked polyethylene. We recommend the latter option as a reliable type of material for underfloor heating. (Rehau is the very thing...)

There are two main types of pipe laying: “snake” and “snail”:

• “Snake” is preferably laid in small rooms: bathroom, dressing rooms
• “Snail” pipe laying method - recommended for uniform heating of large rooms

The installation scheme for a water floor for uniform heating of large rooms in the house is carried out taking into account the passage, first of all, through areas located closer to the outer wall, since as the coolant passes, its thermal capacity is lost. For each room or individual zone, pipes are routed through the manifold, in this way it is possible to adjust and even program a comfortable temperature regime.

An example of heating wiring in a wooden house (made of laminated veneer lumber)...

Installation of a heated floor collector with flow meters

The collector consists of a distribution comb with outlets to the floor contours. Control of the flow of coolant into the system is provided by shut-off valves (ball valve, air valve, servo drive or three-way valve). The servo drive regulates the coolant supply automatically. It is controlled directly by the boiler or by remote control devices. In manual mode, it can be adjusted using a three-way valve.

An important role in the collector group is played by the circulation pump, which ensures uniform circulation of the coolant in the system.

The circuit must be laid as a single pipe, without connections or joints. The length of the pipes should not exceed 60 linear meters. From this calculation, our specialists plan the number of “map” circuits needed for each room individually.

7 stages of the technological process of laying a water floor

We select the type of pipes (REHAU cross-linked polyethylene, metal plastic) and their laying pattern. We install water heating in stages:

1. We prepare the base of the floor.
2. We lay thermal insulation. It is better to use thermal insulating polystyrene foam mats with special locking fasteners. The pimpled surface of the mat allows you to evenly lay the pipe in the groove without additional fixation. There are also more economical thermal insulation materials: foil penofol and penoplex.
3. To compensate for thermal expansion, we lay a damper tape around the perimeter of the room.
4. Pipes are laid out according to a pre-developed thermal scheme.
5. Important point. We test the tightness (especially of the threaded connection) for half an hour in a heated state of up to 80 degrees and at a pressure of 6.0 bar (0.6 MPa)
6. We bring the pressure to 3.0 bar and fill the screed with a thickness of at least 3 cm and preferably no more than 8 cm.
7. We lay parquet boards, tiles, etc. on the floor. (at your discretion)

Which pipe should be used for the heating system piping?

We will not describe the properties and characteristics of cylindrical pipe threads, as well as incline us to a specific choice of pipes. Everyone chooses the choice of material themselves. The differences are small and only in the method of connecting the pipes (clamping, pressing, threaded, soldering or welding).

A set of straight or transition fittings: couplings, tees, adapters, elbows, locknuts, shut-off valves, etc., allows you to connect pipes into a pipeline, and it to household equipment.

We install pipelines in cottages from the following pipes:

• Cross-linked polyethylene
• Polypropylene
• Metal-plastic pipes
• Copper pipes

Options for pipe routing in a private home. Heating schemes

• Installation of a single-pipe house heating system with natural or forced circulation of coolant
• Wiring of a two-pipe heating circuit with forced or natural coolant circulation
• Collector single-pipe or two-pipe heating installation diagram

Prices for proven heating installation options for country houses are individual. Calculation of the cost of work and other expenses depends on the wiring diagram and the design of the premises. The building material used during the construction of a low-rise building, the area of ​​each room, the location and presence of areas of increased heat loss are taken into account.

By choosing a cheap single-pipe wiring diagram, you save on the cost of installation work and materials, but be prepared for uneven distribution of thermal energy. There are options for improving single-pipe systems by using narrowing devices (nozzles) to create pressure in the pipeline. In this case, part of the coolant directly passes through the pipe to the next radiator in the chain, which crashes into it. This option even provides for the installation of a thermostat for automatic or manual control of heat transfer. This method of pipe routing is more suitable for heating a small or medium-sized country house of standard construction.

For a large suburban building, a two-pipe and radiant (collector) heating system with copper piping of the boiler room is provided.

An example of copper piping...

Example of installation of water treatment (water purification system). To select the correct cylinder, you need to do a laboratory water analysis...

* We remind you!!! Our installers have been certified from leading manufacturers of boiler equipment. We also provide access to our existing facilities. We carry out any scope: from the installation of radiator heating in a country house to the installation of heating systems in a group of private houses and adjacent buildings connected to one boiler room.

We will prepare several price options for heating all buildings on your site!!!

Heating radiators, wall, floor and floor-mounted convectors for heating houses and cottages

We recommend three types of radiators, for heating private houses, cottages. The pressure threshold in an autonomous pipe system (usually not exceeding 2 MPa) allows the use of aluminum, bimetallic and steel radiators.

Convective method of heat transfer, carried out by a convector or radiated heat by a radiator, is easily calculated by a specialist from our company when designing autonomous heating for a cottage. Regardless of the choice of heating devices, basic calculations are required.

An incompetent specialist does not use parameters in calculations: operating pressure, coolant quality, corrosion resistance that affects service life, or even the required type of heating devices for each room.

Rooms with high panoramic windows, winter gardens, terraces and rooms with a swimming pool, where convectors with efficient heat exchange are used, require separate calculations.

The parameters of each heated room are taken into account: the height and area of ​​the room, the presence of walls bordering the street, the location and choice of heating device, and other factors. For example, simply connecting the same radiator in different ways leads to a loss of its heat transfer power. Even the fact of using a decorative panel (screen) is taken into account.

Below is an example of a manifold heating distribution for a two-story house in Moscow. The final cost of operating a house after installing water heating will decrease if we add additional thermal insulation to the floor before laying cross-linked polyethylene pipes. Only professional certified workers carry out the work. Call! We consult for free...

Prices for heating distribution in a country house in 2019

Options for work with prices:	Unit change	Cost of work in rubles:
Radiator assembly with bottom connection (type: “Kermi, Global”)	PC.	From 300 – 900
Radiator assembly with side connection (type: “Kermi, Global”)	PC.	From 350 – 1000
Installation of radiators (type: “Kermi, Global”)	PC.	1500 – 2500
Installation of an L-shaped radiator connection tube	PC.	200
Laying the pipe in a protective corrugated tube	linear meters	20
Laying pipes along the floor from the manifold group to the radiator	linear meters	70
Wall chipping	linear meters	70 – 200
Installation of a cabinet under the manifold (external)	PC.	1000
Installation of manifold cabinet (built-in)	PC.	1500 – 6000
Manifold installation (type: “REHAU” “Oventrop”)	PC.	From 2000
Installation of Oventrop air valves	PC.	150
Installation of shut-off valve "Bugatti"	PC.	300
Installation of equal passage, transition coupling "Rehau" - Ø25	PC.	300
Connecting radiator pipes to the manifold using Rehau threaded connections Ø3/4 and 90° angles Ø16	PC.	150
Laying a pipeline route from the boiler room to the collector group Ø25 - 32 mm.	linear meters	250
Prices for installing heated water floors
Preparing the subfloor	sq.m.	50
Installation of thermal insulation mat	sq.m.	100
Laying foil penofol 1 cm thick with galvanized metal mesh 50X50 mm. Ø1.5	sq.m.	200
Laying Penoplex with mesh	sq.m.	250
Laying "Snake" pipes - Rehau in "cards" of a warm floor Ø16	linear meters	40
Laying REHAU - "Snail" pipes in the groove of insulation mat Ø16	linear meters	50
Laying the damper tape	linear meters	25
Connecting the Grundfos circulation pump	PC.	1000
Installation of a three-way mixer "Oventrop"	PC.	1000
Servo drive installation	PC.	2000
Pressure testing and injection of the system	PC.	From 4000
Complete assembly of a boiler room (heating + water supply)	PC.	From 30000

For proper understanding:

The total cost of our work is (30%) and materials - (70%) per sq. m. m (m2) for home heating installation. Wiring radiator heating, installing internal and external chimneys, heated floors, assembling boiler equipment in a cottage averages from 2,000 rubles. per square meter of heated area. The price of good heating of a country house will depend on the wishes of the customer, the selected boiler equipment, and automation.

Cottage heating design. For each client, we will select the best option for a proven, reliable heating system. The choice of piping, type, boiler power and equipment for uninterrupted provision of heat to the premises is calculated mathematically.

Installation or modernization of heating in a private home

Owners of brick, wooden houses, dachas and cottages often contact our company due to inefficient heat supply. The installation of gas heating must be entrusted to our certified craftsmen due to the lack of a design for heat supply, water supply and sewerage of the premises.

Many pseudo-self-taught specialists assemble incorrectly selected heating equipment according to their own ill-conceived scheme with low energy efficiency coefficients or increased energy costs.

Our company will, with a guarantee, modernize or install the heating of your home from scratch and on a turnkey basis. We will draw up a project for the heat supply of each room of the cottage.

We will install or replace a water purification system (water treatment), change the heating boiler, pumping and other equipment. We will modernize the pipe circuit, carry out thermal and hydraulic adjustments to acceptable energy efficiency standards, and install automatic heat supply control systems.