How to put a fence on an uneven area. How to build a fence from corrugated board on a slope Laying the foundation and installing pillars

Flat plots of land for building are rare. And if small differences in soil height can be leveled without problems, then fencing a territory with a slope entails a number of difficulties. It will be necessary to take care of the evenness and stability of the structure. But you can build a reliable fence on a site with a slope if you study the features of excavation and installation work.

If the differences in ground height are from 10%, the site is considered uneven. The complexity of the fence of such a territory lies in the fact that the structure must perform not only a separating, protective function, but also a strengthening one (hold the soil, preventing it from shifting).

You can level the fence on an uneven area by first filling the pits with soil so that the entire building area is on the same level. This will eliminate the subsequent need for joining sections of the fence of different heights. But it is not always advisable to level the slope, since this process, with large surface irregularities, will require large labor and financial costs.

Be aware that moving land will change the topsoil, which can reduce fruiting, crop development, and landscape plant growth.

An alternative to leveling the site can be a fence device, the base of which will be built taking into account the features of the terrain. So the foundation will not only ensure the stability of the building envelope, its strength, but also strengthen the slope.

A fence on a slope is being built:

with the repetition of the ground relief;
by installing sections of different heights but aligned along the upper edge;
steps. When each span is located slightly lower than the previous one.

Features of construction on uneven terrain

Competent planning

The first thing to do when erecting a fence from corrugated board is to correctly lay the foundation, taking into account the nature and size of the irregularities in the building site.

Before laying the foundation, height differences are measured between the extreme points of the fence. To do this, it is better to make a geodetic survey, since a 20-cm slope can be hidden under a visually even grass cover, which will definitely manifest itself during the construction and operation of the barrier.

Foundation laying for small irregularities

Differences in ground height are considered insignificant if the unevenness between the extreme points of the planned fence is less than the depth provided by the project. In this case, the slope can be up to 30˚.

In this case, a leveling tape base would be the most suitable option. Given the unevenness of the construction site, determine:

trench size;
dimensions of the vertical layout;
the height of the blind area, the base and the distance between them.

This is important: the purpose of the vertical layout and the blind area is drainage. Their total height should be at least 0.2 m.

How to make a leveling strip foundation? Work is performed in the following sequence:

level the soil as much as possible along the entire perimeter of the fence;
pour the tape base;
pillars are installed at a depth of 1.5 m, fixing them with concreting;
carry out installation and fixation of transverse log spans;
fill the sections (fix profiled sheets).

Attention: after removing the formwork boards, backfilling of the earth is carried out, leveling the soil surface. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the blind areas and vertical layouts are located horizontally.

Features of erecting a fence with an average angle of inclination

This category includes areas where the difference in ground height is equal to the planned depth of the foundation or slightly exceeds it. When laying the foundation, not the highest, but the lowest surface of the base of the foundation is taken as a guide.

In this zone, an anti-heaving cushion is laid, which will later be compacted by the walls of the trench. It should be below the fruit-bearing soil layer. The rest of the developments are carried out at the same level. In places where deepening is required, soil is dumped. So the foundation will be stable and durable, and in the process of installing the fence, you will significantly reduce the consumption of concrete, reduce the amount of land work.

Please note: if you lay the foundation from the highest point and move towards lowering the level of the site, this will reduce the amount of earthwork, but the foundation will turn out to be less stable. In addition, more concrete will be required to pour it due to the fact that it will be necessary to deepen the base at the lowest point.

Foundation laying with significant ground irregularities

Large, it is customary to consider the slope of the site, where the difference between the extreme points of the foundation is more than 1 m higher than the depth of its laying. Therefore, it will be necessary to lay a stepped foundation. It is arranged according to the principle of a ladder, when each span is lower than the previous one, repeating the slope of the territory.

In the lower zone, the construction site is leveled with the ground surface, and in the upper zone, it is built according to the calculated depth. The transition between levels is carried out using one / several ledges. They are made with a height of 0.6 m. The length of the ledges must exceed their height by at least 2 times.

Tip: the width of the fence sections is standard 2.5 m, but if the slope is high, this figure can be reduced.

Types of fences for sloping areas

The easiest way to protect an uneven area is to build an inclined fence from a chain-link mesh. Stretching the material parallel to the ground eliminates height differences and the fence will appear to be level.

A fence from a profiled sheet is quickly installed. For its construction, it is enough to build a frame, which is then sheathed.

Note: you can protect an area with an uneven surface by installing a fence made of stone, brick, wood, but this will be a more time-consuming and financially costly process.

little trick

How to visually align an uneven fence? He does this with an optical illusion. The spans are located at different heights, and their top line is made common. This will turn out a visually even fence, which will make the differences in the height of the surface almost imperceptible.

Having a site under a slope, you should not be afraid that it will be problematic to protect it. If you determine the differences in ground height, select the appropriate type of foundation and fence design, then you can build a high-quality, stable barrier that will visually hide all surface irregularities. A well-thought-out, correctly implemented in terms of technology fence will allow not only to protect the territory, strengthen the slope, but also diversify the surrounding landscape.

The installation process of the fence is carried out in several stages:

First, an inspection and marking of the site is carried out, a diagram is drawn up, and an installation option is selected.
If, as a result of inspecting the site, it is decided to install a fence based on the foundation, then the second stage will be its pouring. This process is not mandatory for all cases, but in this article we will consider an example of installing a fence with a foundation.
Then support poles, connecting logs are mounted.
Further, if necessary, a drainage system is installed.
The process is completed by sheathing the frame with corrugated board.

Each area has its own characteristics, which should be considered before installing the fence. Let's take a closer look at each of the stages.

Inspection, site marking, drawing up a diagram

Half of the success of the work done lies in the exact marking of the site on which the fence will be installed. This will allow you to calculate the amount of consumables and design the architecture of the fence. Geodetic reconnaissance will not be superfluous to study the soil, its structure, soil type, depth of the fertile layer and other things. All these nuances will help you navigate when:

choice of material;
foundation construction;
choice of structural supports (brick, concrete, iron poles);
span size;
fence height.

After marking and calculating the area of \u200b\u200bthe site, the amount of material is calculated. Then an installation diagram is drawn up, containing:

landscape contour, ground level, slope value;
the depth of the trench under the foundation;
concrete base height;
fence height, span width;
the height of the supporting pillars;
the number of lags, the distance between them;
span height difference, etc.

Scheme examples:

The step of the difference depends on the magnitude of the slope. The greater its degree, the smaller the width of the span. Also, the option of installing a fence largely depends on it.

How to make a fence on a slope: installation options

There are two options for installing a fence on a slope:

Repetition of the relief of the site.
"Steps".

It is much easier and faster to build a fence that follows the contour of the relief. The connecting beams between the posts in this case run parallel to the ground. The height will be the same, uniform along the entire length of the fence. Most often, such a fence is installed on extensive slopes. This option is ideal for areas with an uneven slope. More suitable material - metal picket fence, chain-link mesh. In the case of profiled iron or a 3D fence, more effort will be needed to secure the structure to the ground and look harmonious.

The best option for a uniform slope is a fence set with “steps”. The spans between the pillars are set in this way - each subsequent profiled sheet is attached below the previous one, going down the slope in steps. Installing such a fence on a too uneven area is not recommended due to sudden changes in height. There will be a risk of formation of large gaps between the lower part of the structure and the ground surface.

When choosing any of the installation options, you need to understand the importance of firmly attaching vertical poles. Failure to comply with the fastening rules will lead to deformation of the fence, subsidence or bulging of the pillars.

How to choose and lay the foundation?

Depending on the chosen material for the fence, the appropriate foundation and support are laid. There are four types of foundation:

pile;
combined (tape-columnar).

- the most popular due to its strength and durability. It perfectly holds heavy structures made of stone, brick, concrete and cast iron. The basis of the base and soles are:

roofing material, waterproofing film;
fittings;
concrete.

According to the scheme, a trench is dug (you need to start from the upper limit of the slope).
Formwork is installed.
Sand is laid at the bottom of the trench up to a height of 15 cm, carefully rammed.
The sand is covered with a film / roofing material.
Fittings are being laid.
Ventilation holes are installed.
Concrete is being poured.
A film / roofing material spreads over the concrete.
After the concrete has set (65-70%), the formwork is removed.

No less durable if the following rules are observed:

Under the pillars, a hole is drilled to a depth of 1 m.
Poles are installed and hammered to 1.2 m.
The holes are filled with M300 concrete.

The column foundation is ideal for profiled iron, metal picket fence, chain-link, 3D fence.

pile foundation It is an iron pole screwed into the ground. They can stand for more than 30 years. For additional strength and resistance to deformation, the cavity of the pile is filled with a concrete solution. This option is most often used for a metal picket fence. Suitable for 3D fence or chain-link. At least 3 people are required to install such a support. You will not be able to handle the installation on your own.

The strongest and most durable. Its versatility lies in the fact that it is a construction site for a fence made of any material.

It is laid out as follows:

First, holes are dug under the pillars, then a trench is between them.
Poles are installed and fixed.
Sand, roofing material / film, reinforcement are laid in the trench.
The trench is filled with concrete.
After the concrete has set, the fence structure is installed on the foundation.

Laying the foundation and installing pillars

Depending on the angle of the slope, the formation of the foundation may vary. There are three options:

With a slight uniform slope, the surface is leveled as much as possible. The upper and lower borders of the fence run exactly along the entire length due to soil embankments. This option eliminates the docking of sections of different heights, which greatly simplifies the work. But still, builders rarely resort to this option because of its complexity. Another disadvantage is the violation of the fertile soil layer due to the embankment of soil.
When the slope angle exceeds 30 degrees, the foundation is laid in the form of a ladder, where each section is located below the previous one. Two poles are attached to one span. The standard section width is 2.5 m. If the slope is steeper, then the span is reduced to 2 m.
The fastening orientation of each span goes along the top of the fence - it is located horizontally exactly along the entire length of the fence. The lower part is adjusted to the contour of the landscape. This option is chosen when installing a fence from corrugated board. Profiled iron is easy to adjust, it is freely adjusted to any size of the fence.

Whichever option is chosen, construction begins with the foundation. It will become a powerful support for the fence and strengthen the soil from erosion.

Dig a trench starting from the top of the site. Its depth is constant throughout the entire distance. The exceptions are places where the fertile soil layer lies deeper than the lower level of the trench. In this case, the trench should be deepened until the fertile layer is completely removed.

The depth of the trench (It) depends on the sum of the height difference (Ipv) and the thickness of the vegetation layer (Ip). If you ignore the vegetation cover, which can hide large differences in height, then this will negatively affect the level of the basement relative to the top and bottom of the fence line. For example, in the upper part it will protrude above the ground more, in the lower part - less.

The pillars are installed in pits, strengthened with broken bricks, gravel and concrete. Pouring concrete will prevent subsidence or bulging of the pillars. The diameter of the pit should be 15-20 cm wider than the pillar. The length of the supports varies depending on the degree of slope. The distance between them should not be slightly less than the width of the profiled sheets. This will make it easier to fit and sew them on top of each other.

If the fence on the site with a slope is installed on clay soil, the formwork inside the trench can be omitted. The walls will cope with its role. The main condition is to maintain a strict horizontal position along the entire length of the trench. A sandy “cushion” will help here, which must be carefully tamped and leveled. If a stepped version of the foundation is chosen, then the “cushion” should repeat each “step” of the slope. Roofing material is laid over the sand layer.

Formwork installation

When installing formwork, the following criteria must be considered:

creating even corners;
no deflections;
ease of dismantling;
optimal thickness of building material;
structural strength and stability.

The formwork system is installed after marking. Installation process:

Wooden bars are driven into the ground to a depth of at least 50 cm, the ground part - at least 40 cm. The distance between them along the length of the fence does not exceed 120 cm. Width - 60 cm.
Next, the side and upper parts of the formwork are attached. On the sides, for greater resistance to pressure, they are fixed with planks with an emphasis on the ground. Additionally, you can tighten the structure with screws, strengthen with nails.
After the work done, it is necessary to inspect the formwork for evenness, measure it with a building level. If there are no comments, a concrete mixture is poured inside. Subsequent installation begins after the concrete has completely set after 4-5 days.

When choosing a wooden formwork material, all parts of the structure should be impregnated with a waterproofing solution. This will prevent the absorption of moisture from the concrete mixture. Otherwise, the concrete will crack as it dries, which will negatively affect the strength of the foundation.

A drainage system is needed for the stability and durability of the foundation. Mandatory installation of drainage in clay and loamy soil. It normalizes the outflow of water, prevents soil erosion. To provide a drainage system, holes are left in the foundation for perforated pipes. They play the role of a drainage channel.

Gravel is an excellent drainage system. It is wrapped in geotextile and laid under the foundation.

To ensure the outflow of water into the collector pit, a sewer pipe is laid in the ground with holes drilled in it. For better absorption of moisture from the soil, it can be partially filled with gravel.

Installation of a corrugated fence on a slope: the final stage

Logs are attached to the supporting pillars. If the poles are iron, they are welded or bolted together. In the case of concrete, brick, stone - the logs are fixed with fasteners. The upper and lower joists should be horizontally parallel to each other, regardless of the type of foundation and slope.

Profiled sheets are fastened with rivets, self-tapping screws or bolts. Each leaf overwhelms the other. When installing a stepped fence, the step size and the height difference of the span are taken into account. When calculating the number of fixing points, the windage of the landscape is taken into account. The structure must stand firmly and withstand strong winds.

The material is fitted close to the foundation. The upper part can be ennobled with a fence strip. This will give the design a finished and aesthetic look.

Having dealt with the question of how to put a fence on a site with a slope, you can proceed with its installation. If you doubt that you can cope with this time-consuming task on your own, then leave a request on our website. Applications are processed instantly. The specialist will respond within 1-2 hours. We will not only advise, but also help to build a fence of any complexity, regardless of the type of terrain. We have already received hundreds of grateful reviews about the installation, we are sure that yours will be among them.

Question: Tell me, please, is it possible to raise the level of the ground in front of a private house and how best to do it? it turned out that the neighbors on both sides during the construction raised the level of their plots, and our house ended up in a lowland, so during heavy rains, the flow of water from the street goes directly to our site.

Answer: It is a pity that you did not indicate to what level it is necessary to raise the level of your site in order to avoid flooding by surface water. Your neighbors, of course, are not very good people since they did this without informing you that they would raise the level of their plots. Of course, you can sue them, as they deliberately worsened your conditions, but it will take a long time, and the nerves you have lost will not be worth it.

You need to start with the installation of a strip foundation around the perimeter of your site, and make the height of the foundation above the ground level of your neighbors' sites. Well, then, depending on the level of bedding, start filling the area from the lowest point of the foundation of your house to the fence.

If you need to raise it to a height of up to 30 cm, then you don’t need to equip a pillow of sand and gravel, just pour 10-15 cm of earth, compact it, fill it with water for a day. The next day, repeat the procedure and so on until the entire surface of the land is leveled. If the thickness of the bulk layer is above 30 cm, first level the surface with a sand-gravel mixture, and then with black soil. You need a strip foundation for a fence so that during heavy rainfall your land does not move to your neighbors, and simply from moving various rodents to your site will serve as reliable protection.

It will be good if you can put a small layer of fertilizer in the form of a peat pad in the middle of the bulk layer. And of course, do not leave the site empty, be sure to plant grass with a well-developed root system, such as winter rye. And then just dig it up, it will compact and fix the top layer of bulk soil. This procedure can be performed a couple of times, the result will be yourself.

As for the flooding of the site from the road. If you do not have a drainage ditch along the site, then it's time to equip it. Along the road, you dig a ditch up to 1 meter deep with gentle slopes so that the slopes do not erode with water, strengthen them with turf or tamp coarse gravel into their body, etc. At the border with the neighboring site, dig a hole with a depth and diameter of one meter ) and equip there a drainage well made of red brick, car tires or other suitable material, close it with a fine mesh, everything, you are reliably protected from water entering the site from the side of the road. Of course, it is necessary to arrange a bridge over the drainage ditch for the entry of vehicles, but this is no longer a problem. Good luck.

1. What width and height to make a reinforced concrete tape?
2. Is it necessary to deepen the tape into the ground, if so, by how much?
3. What kind of reinforcement to use, how many rows, through what distance to tie in order to get sufficient strength?
4. Is there a need for waterproofing, if so, what kind?
5. Reinforcement of reinforced concrete tape to tie with fence posts?
6. To what depth should the pillars be concreted?
7. How far apart should the posts be?
8. How to close reinforced concrete tapes outside the site, to protect against destruction?
1. if without deepening, then according to the rule "the width is not less than the height", it is better - the width is one and a half times the height.
2. depends on the soil. either by 5 ... 10 cm, or to the depth of freezing. it makes no sense to deepen more than 10 cm but less than the freezing depth.
3. determined by calculation, depends on the soil.
4. no. you still can't achieve complete isolation
5. optional. All iron, poured into concrete, is already connected.
6. either "only in the tape", without deepening, or the entire tape to the freezing depth, otherwise the tape between the posts will tear
7. depends on what the veins are on. For 20x40 - 2 meters is good, 3 is normal-permissible.
8. It is possible to process the tape with "liquid glass" a month after the formwork has been removed.
In general, a lot depends on the soil, and even more - on its uniformity. For example, on one side I have a heaving soil, and on the other - not at all, therefore, as I will make a normal fence, I will have to “hook” it all below the freezing level (I think about screw piles).
If the soil swells the same way along the entire length (or does not swell at all) - you can make a tape along the surface, but I’m not special on such decisions, I haven’t been able to solve it in practice.
If you make recessed poles, you cannot tie the surface tape with them, otherwise the heaving force will either pull out the poles or tear the tape.
In your case I would probably do something like this:
1. as an underground part of the pillars - screw piles to the freezing depth.
2. a tape with a depth of one and a half bayonets on a trapezoid-shaped pillow (broadening from below), the width of the pillow is 60 ...
3. Wrap the posts on the passage through the tape with polyethylene foam, roofing felt or more than in several layers - this is so that the tape moves freely along them when the soil is heaving.
4. Cook the veins on the poles not end-to-end, but overlapped, in order to move the iron to the edge of the tape.
5. if possible, leave without iron for the winter, once a week to control the displacement of the tape relative to the marks on the poles (to measure the heaving of the soil). In the spring, sew up with iron, taking into account the measured swelling (a gap from below, so that in winter the tape does not reach the iron.)
6. If the gap in summer exceeds 5 cm, an additional amplifier is desirable along the bottom of the iron (a 15x15 profile or another will do.). If more than 7 cm - a brick on the tape (with a gap from iron), so that the brick rises above the iron. It's from animals.

There are no perfectly flat areas. If the slopes are quite significant, then you have to take care that nothing crumbles. This can be done only by strengthening the slopes with a special mound of stones or by installing fences.

Install a fence on uneven ground possible, but for this it is necessary to take into account all the features of the territory. After all, you want the fence to turn out as high quality and reliable as possible. To do this, you will have to calculate all the options that are available for installation. Which fence is best for uneven landscapes?

Stone fence - this is the most ideal option. Therefore, you can use:

sandstone or limestone;
brick;
concrete slabs.

Such a fence boasts durability, good stability and excellent resistance to external adverse conditions. In addition, such a fence does not need further maintenance.

What do you need to install a fence?

In order to put a high-quality, good fence on an uneven site, you need to stock up on the following tools:

cord;
level;
keys;
theodolite;
shovel;
level;
roulette;
pliers;
spacer;
concrete mixer;
screwdrivers;
wheelbarrow.

And from the materials you will need sand, cement, crushed stone, a perforated pipe, as well as the material that will be used to create the fence itself.

Stage 1. Ground leveling

The most affordable way to build a fence on a site with a slope is to level it. As a result, the bottom level of the fence will always be the same. This will be possible only due to the fact that an artificial embankment is being created.

This method is characterized by high labor intensity and high financial costs. Despite the fact that fertile soils suffer greatly on the site, there is one indisputable plus here - the fence will be perfectly even. Accordingly, there is no need to puzzle over how to connect sections of different heights to each other.

Another leveling method is the pouring of a special concrete base. Such a fence will be durable and reliable. You will only have to work hard during the docking of the fence sections.

Another, less popular option is the construction of a fence, which will have a single level at the top, and a different one at the bottom, depending on the slope angle. This method is suitable for fences that are planned to be built from a profiled sheet. Another option is the location of the sheets slightly lower than the previous ones. This compensates for bias.

The cheapest and easiest fencing options are chain-link mesh. In this case, the fence will be smooth, but not very pretty.

Foundation on a site with a slight slope

The characteristic "small" for the slope is very voluminous. The main thing is that the differences in ground height should be less than the planned deepening. Before proceeding with the creation of the foundation, it is necessary fence marking. It is worthwhile to carry out geodetic measures and spare no expense for this, so that in the end the fence turns out to be strong and durable.

It is necessary to take into account even the smallest differences. For example, 10-20 cm are also significant. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out geological outlines in advance.

Dig a trench under the foundation should be from the highest place on the site. In this case, all recesses must be made at the same level. Neither the height of the basement nor the depth should vary throughout the entire excavation. Next, the formwork is placed and the sand-cement mixture is carefully poured.

Foundation on a medium slope

An average slope on the soil is considered if the height difference varies by 10-20 cm. In this case, only the lowest point should be considered the main platform for creating the foundation. It should start with her. fence site marking. Otherwise, in this place, the base of the foundation will be on the surface, and not in the trench. So that the level of the foundation is the same, you can fill low-lying areas with soil to level the landscape.

When forming a foundation in such a territory, there will be an overrun only by increasing the depth of the foundation at the lowest level. However, such a move will make the fence high-quality and reliable.

If the slope is large

In the case when the level of the difference is more than 1 meter. Then you have to resort to the method of laying the foundation with steps. Of course, this is a rather complicated option. Plus it's expensive. But only he can help to make a strong and reliable foundation.

Fence site marking then you must take into account that:

in the lowlands, the foundation is level with the surface;
in high places - according to the calculated depth.

All transitions from one level to another must be carried out through one or two ledges. The height of each of them should not be more than 60 cm. Moreover, their length cannot be less than 2 times the height.

Of course, before laying a foundation in such an area, it is necessary to investigate its geological characteristics and, if necessary, provide drainage:

ground - a special embankment of crushed stone, brick chips and gravel. Should be located directly behind the fence;
underground - a perforated special drainage pipe, which is wrapped in material and a well. Thus, the material absorbs water well, then passes through the pipe and gently flows into the well.