The foundation for the veranda of metal pipes. Foundation for the veranda to the house. Pillar foundation - a reliable and practical foundation

The trend to build houses from lightweight materials (wooden, frame) has returned the interest of developers to the construction of columnar foundations. Such bases are extremely rarely used in the construction of walls of a house made of concrete, brick or cinder block, as they cannot withstand the expected load. With the popularization of frame construction, columnar foundations and their reinforced varieties allow developers to significantly reduce the time and cost of building a foundation for building a house.

The owners of suburban summer cottages are also interested in the technologies for constructing columnar supports, wanting to build outbuildings, gazebos, and verandas with their own hands on such an economical and not labor-intensive foundation. Satisfying the growing information demand, we will talk about the features of such foundations for a house and other buildings, their varieties and the basic rules for constructing such foundation structures.

Features of the foundations of the pillars

The columnar base, unlike the tape base, is not a continuous surface. The building base consists of free-standing round or rectangular supports. The location of the pillars is not chaotic, subject to certain patterns and calculations. Mandatory supports are placed at the corners of the future house, at the points of contact of the bearing walls with the outer walls. These columns cannot be moved. The installation locations and the pitch of the remaining supports depend on such factors:

massiveness of the building (pressure per unit area of soil);
soil characteristics (degree of its density and stability);
the area of the sole of the support column;
the degree of reinforcement of the columnar structure (with a tape in-depth grillage or a surface log grillage).

In any case, the main feature of columnar bases is their reduced strength compared to buried concrete tape. For this reason, the construction of such foundations is not even considered when constructing buildings with several floors or made with heavy building materials. The columnar foundation is suitable for the further construction of a frame-type house, a wooden residential or outbuilding. Pillars, as a basis, are suitable for the extension of a veranda or the construction of a summer gazebo.

The advantages of this foundation method are as follows:

reduced labor intensity;
low consumption of materials;
done much faster;
it is easier to conduct household communications in the house;
the structure is durable, strength is quite sufficient for the corresponding types of buildings (light one-story house, outbuilding, veranda).

There are drawbacks to the columnar foundation, but the degree of their importance is determined individually. The disadvantages include:

the impossibility of arranging a basement or basement under houses;
instability to horizontal displacements of soil layers;
the need for additional construction of a structure that covers the space under the house (pick-up).

Important! Another positive feature of the columnar base is considered to be its greater resistance (when compared with the tape) to frost heaving of soils. With a strong tendency to heaving, it is even recommended that the strip foundation be additionally reinforced with buried pillars or piles.

Types of pole devices

Like strip foundations, columnar structures differ in the degree of penetration of the supports. For the construction of a house or other large building, the supports are made so that the sole is located in stable soil layers, while being 25-30 cm lower than the level of maximum soil freezing. In this case, you can count on the stability of the supports with significant design loads on their soles.

However, often the weight of the building is so insignificant (veranda, gazebo) that the pillars do not need a strong deepening of the sole. In this case, shallow supports are made based on the minimum vertical load.

The main criterion, taking into account which the columnar foundations are classified, is the material (method) for the devices of the supporting pillars. Here, the division of supports into types occurs in this way:

concrete (pouring with reinforcement);
concrete (laying of finished blocks);
brick (masonry);
wooden (installation of processed logs).

Often, a columnar foundation is combined with pouring a slightly recessed reinforced concrete tape around the perimeter. In this way, they create a solid support for the construction of walls and increase the stability of the pillars to horizontal ground movements. This type of foundation for the construction of houses is called a columnar-grillage foundation and this type is arranged when erecting walls from lightweight block building materials (foam concrete, expanded clay concrete).

Cast concrete foundation pillars

Monolithic columnar supports made of concrete are made with a rectangular (square) and round section. In the first case, a wooden formwork is created, protected by a waterproofing material. After reinforcement, the formwork is poured with concrete. This method is laborious, since it involves manual digging of a recess in the ground, but it allows you to arrange poles with the required support area. Often, under the sole of such a pillar, to increase the area of \u200b\u200bsupport on the ground, a wider reinforced concrete platform is poured - a shoe.

Round supports are simpler in terms of their construction, which is why owners of suburban areas often choose such pillars when planning to build a house or a veranda with their own hands. A drill is used to make a recess for a round concrete pillar. As a fixed formwork for pouring, pipes or a self-made case of the appropriate diameter from rolled waterproofing materials (hydroisol, roofing material) are used. Pipes made of asbestos cement, steel or plastic (PVC) are used.

The process of pouring the round pillars of the foundation (let's consider the simplest option with plastic pipes in terms of doing it yourself) on a previously prepared construction site is as follows.

The perimeter of the future building (houses, verandas) is marked. For this, stakes driven into the ground and threads stretched between them are used. It is important to achieve the squareness of the corners and mark the top of the pillars in one horizontal line, for which you need a water level or level.
Along the designated perimeter, the locations of the pillars are marked according to the calculations of the load on the foundation. In the marked places, excavation is done to the required depth with a drill of the appropriate diameter. For houses, full-fledged buried pillars are needed, for a veranda and other light structures, shallow-depth supports are dispensed with.
At the bottom of the well, a mixture of fine gravel and sand is poured, abundantly wetted with water and rammed. A pipe is installed in the recess and fixed in a vertical position (controlled by a spirit level) with spacers.
Reinforcement is in progress. For this, vertical ribbed rods about 10 mm thick are cut. Their length is made 30 cm longer than the length of the pipe (the fittings should protrude above the surface of the column for dressing with a grillage). Vertical rods (4 pieces per pole) are tied together with a wire with a cross section of 5-6 mm. The bandaging step is about 50 cm. When viewed from above, the tie wire should form a square, in the corners of which there is reinforcement. The distance from the corners of the square to the pipe wall should not be less than 40-50 mm. The assembled reinforcing structure is placed in the pipe and pressed into the sand and gravel pad.
Pipes are filled to the top with prepared concrete of a liquid consistency. A vibratory device is used to compact the solution. The concrete is allowed to stand for about a week (it is not necessary to wait for the material to fully mature), after which they proceed to the grillage.

When pouring shallow pillars under the veranda (up to half a meter), the technology is practically the same. The difference can only be in a thicker layer of sand and gravel cushion (up to 10 cm). Often, in order to strengthen the sole of the post, before installing the pipe, a layer of concrete (about 5 cm) is poured on top of the backfill, which serves as an additional support platform for the post.

Pillars made of masonry

Such supports are often made from ready-made concrete blocks or moisture-resistant bricks. Fundamentally, the construction technology and the functional purpose of such pillars do not differ. Consider the most commonly used device of pillars with brickwork.

After the preparatory work and marking of the construction site, rectangular recesses are dug to the required depth in the places determined by the calculations.
The bottom of the recess is sprinkled with sand and gravel (gravel), after which a concrete reinforced platform is arranged. It is reinforced with a strong steel mesh (rod not less than 6 mm) or ribbed reinforcement tied into one structure (also in the form of a mesh with a cell of about 20 cm).
When the concrete platform grabs, proceed to the laying of the support pillar. Usually, a circular masonry of 4 bricks is used. Every 4-5 rows, the masonry is reinforced with reinforcing wire, which fits into the seam between the bricks.
After the masonry mortar sets (after 2-3 days), the cavity formed inside the brickwork is filled with concrete. It is advisable to provide for the further installation of the log grillage by immuring pins with screw threads into concrete.

When making the arrangement of the pillars with masonry with your own hands, it is also important that the supports end up being vertical, standing in a line and the tops of the pillars lying in the same horizontal line. To create a foundation for verandas and other light buildings, given the large area of \u200b\u200bbrick support, on stable soils it is enough to deepen the pillars by 30-35 cm. On loose and unstable soil, even to create a support for the construction of the veranda, you will have to dig a recess up to 60 cm.

log foundation

In the presence of logs from high-quality hardwood (oak, larch), support poles can be made from them. Previously, for the stability of wooden houses, only such supports were made. If the logs are additionally impregnated with protective compounds and treated with waterproofing substances (bitumen, resin), such pillars will serve as a reliable foundation not only for a veranda or gazebo, but also for a small frame or wooden house.

Log posts are installed in prepared pits, first tamping the bottom and pouring a sand and gravel cushion. For strength, and to avoid direct contact with the ground, it is more expedient to concrete the space around the log post. For additional waterproofing, the sole of the support and its underground part should be wrapped with two layers of rolled waterproofing material.

As you can see, there are many ways (and appropriate materials) to create a columnar foundation for a small house or porch. Unlike a strip base, which requires large volumes of concrete to be poured at once, the pillars can be stretched over time, which makes creating a do-it-yourself column base even more attractive.

Owners of their own homes very often have a need to expand their living space or additional extensions. Most often, a veranda is attached. The question immediately arises - how to equip the foundation for the veranda to the house with your own hands.

If it has a common foundation with the main area of \u200b\u200bthe house, then its construction does not arise any special difficulties.

Another question is when it is necessary to lay a new support structure under the veranda, then certain rules must be followed.

Features of foundation preparation

The main nuance is that it is impossible to connect together the foundation of the veranda and the common foundation of the house. You should always leave a gap between them within 20–40 cm. This is done so that the shrinkage of the house does not crack on your new building. Two factors are also taken into account:

It is necessary to take into account the type of soil and the influence of groundwater when choosing the type of foundation. If these factors are not taken into account, after some time the constructed new structure may undergo deformation.
The size of the pit should correspond to the depth of the main structure. If this parameter is unknown, the recess should be no less than 1–2 meters.

The next point that you need to pay attention to is the type of future foundation.

Foundation selection

There are many types of foundation, several of them are suitable for this kind of work:

The most common option

- this is a strip foundation for a veranda to the house. It is great for buildings of varying severity, but it cannot be used for all types of soil. If we are talking about unstable and heaving soils, then it is better to choose a columnar base for your veranda. Also in this case, you can use the pile option. This is a fairly new technology in the arrangement of a supporting structure, along which a foundation is made for a light veranda. The most expensive of all these foundations will be - monolithic. Consider all the proposed types separately. You can read about here.

Strip foundation

This option is quite suitable as a foundation for a brick veranda. Its marking is carried out not only on the outside, but also on the inside. To obtain a monolithic structure, you will need the following materials:

or cement mortar;
sand;
reinforcing bars;
wire;
wooden boards for formwork;
crushed stone;

After the necessary parameters are determined and the markup is applied, you can begin to prepare the trench:

A moat is being dug around the perimeter of the future veranda, the depth varies depending on the recess under the main structure and the characteristics of the soil.
Formwork is installed. For this, wide boards are selected; after installation, they should protrude beyond the surface of the trench to a small height.
At the bottom of the trench, sand is poured, which is compacted. If the soil is sandy, then this operation is not necessary.
A reinforced belt is installed along the entire length, made of rods interconnected by wire.
Now you can proceed directly to the filling. For this, a cement-sand mortar with the addition of crushed stone is used. The ratio of cement, crushed stone, sand in it is 1:4:2.

Important point! Filling must be carried out in one step, this will make your base strong and durable.

The finished base is aged for 10 days, after which you can proceed to subsequent work on the construction of the veranda.

Monolithic foundation

This type is quite expensive, but sometimes the design requires only a monolithic base. The sequence of work is as follows:

Marking is carried out according to the plan.
A solid pit is being prepared with a depth of 50 cm.
The bottom of the pit is covered with sand and carefully compacted.
The sand is followed by a layer of rubble. It is also poured over the entire surface of the pit and compacted.
The foundation is poured with concrete over rubble.
After the mortar has hardened, the reinforcing cage is laid.
The reinforced structure is poured with concrete over the entire surface and left for four weeks to achieve strength.
Waterproofing is in progress.

To obtain a solid foundation, you must adhere to the correct technology and follow the rules and use as many appropriate quality materials..

Column Foundation

The base consists of separate elements that have no connection with each other. On the supporting pillars, the next after the foundation nodes of the structure are subsequently installed. For the arrangement you will need the following materials:

sand;
crushed stone;
bitumen;

The number of columns to be laid depends on the size of the structure being built. Four main ones are located under all corner posts. If the dimensions of the future veranda are large, then the presence of pillars under the intermediate racks is mandatory.

The sequence of works for the arrangement is as follows :

Pits are dug under the required number of pillars. Their size should be greater than the depth of soil freezing.
Sand is poured into the bottom of the pit. The layer thickness is 20 cm. If the weight of the structure is large enough, then crushed stone is poured instead of sand. It is compacted and poured with heated bitumen.
Reinforcement is installed in the pit, which is poured with concrete.
Pillars are laid to a height below 20–30 cm of floor level in two ways:

concrete is poured at ground level, and then the pillars themselves are laid out of brick, after hardening;
the pillars are made of concrete, for this a formwork is constructed to the required height, and after that the entire fixture is poured with concrete;

After solidification, it is necessary to waterproof the pillars.

pile foundation

It has another name - pile-screw. This category is relatively new to use, and has been appreciated for its versatility. Such a base can be used for any type of soil. The main element is piles in the form of a screw, at the ends of which there are blades for screwing in.

For light structures, the pile foundation for the veranda to the house is just a godsend, due to its cost-effectiveness and ease of installation. The number of screws depends on the load that will affect them. Depending on this, they are located at a distance from each other within 1.5–3 meters.

Installation sequence :

The total area is being prepared, a recess is made by 20 cm. If the earth is clayey, then backfilling with sand over the entire surface is desirable. This will reduce soil moisture.
The layout of the piles is being marked, during which all right angles must be strictly maintained. The most distant piles from the house should be located at a distance of 3-4 cm.
Piles are being installed. Since the screws used are small in diameter, they can be installed manually. They must be screwed in a strictly vertical position, the fulfillment of this condition must be monitored throughout the entire installation process. The screw must enter the ground below the freezing depth, which is at least 1.5 meters.
The size of the protruding end needs to be adjusted. It should be cut at a height of 30–40 cm from ground level.
Concreting of the installed piles is being carried out. It is performed by filling the solution along the entire length.
A head is installed in the form of a square of sheet metal. A timber or a dock will subsequently be laid on it for mounting walls or laying a grillage.

Also, sometimes you can find a supporting structure, where wood is used instead of pillars..

wooden foundation

This is a rather rare category today, it was mostly used before. But still, it is sometimes used, especially if the whole house is built of wood. This is an environmentally friendly option from all of the above. It can be installed in two ways:

First way. For stability, a cross is made on the lower part, which is installed in the ground. For this, blanks of 70 cm are used. After that, the entire structure is poured with concrete.

The second way. Wells are drilled in increments of 1.5 meters. The depth should be below the freezing level of the soil. A pillow of sand is lined, on which logs are installed. The verticality is checked, after which the crushed stone is backfilled and compacted.

Who does not dream of a country house with a cozy and spacious veranda or terrace? Imagine how nice it is to go out into the fresh air with a cup of tea, sit in an armchair and admire the beauty of the surrounding nature or read a book. The veranda is a great place to socialize and dine with family and friends. In addition, it provides additional storage and drying space.

Features of the construction of the veranda

Before construction, it is important to determine the project of both houses and verandas, to make accurate calculations. Building by eye, even additional buildings and outbuildings, is unacceptable! You will find many interesting projects of country cottages, dachas and baths in the MariSrub catalog. Here are ready-made solutions for buildings with a veranda and a terrace, a balcony. You will find houses with an attic, one and two floors. When designing, it is important to take into account the type and design of the foundation.

The foundation is the basis of every building, including verandas or terraces. The type and dimensions of the structure depend on the scale of the extension. But in any case, the foundation is necessary, otherwise the walls of the veranda or terrace and the house itself will crack and even warp over time. But during installation, it should be borne in mind that groundwater, the type of soil and the depth of freezing have different effects on the veranda and the house, so it is not recommended to connect the foundations.

The foundation for the terrace to the house is built separately at the same depth as the foundation of the house. In this case, it is important to choose the right type of construction, which depends on the level of groundwater and the type of soil on the land. Let's figure out which and how to install the foundation for the veranda to the house with your own hands.

Which foundation to choose

To determine the type of foundation, it is important to make a competent analysis of the soil on the land plot, determine the degree of occurrence of groundwater, the level of soil freezing. At high waters, a columnar and screw or pile foundation under the veranda is suitable. For stable and non-porous soil, a strip base is chosen. What foundation to choose for a country house, see. We will consider the types of bases for the veranda.

A columnar foundation for a terrace or veranda is the most common option due to its cost-effectiveness and availability, speed and ease of construction. Poles can be easily installed with your own hands on lands with high humidity and frozen ground. In addition, such a base is characterized by reliability, strength and durability.

A screw or pile foundation consists of piles that are screwed into the ground. This is a universal design that is suitable for every type of soil. A suitable option for installation on uneven terrain, which is characterized by availability and low cost, easy and quick installation.

The strip foundation will allow you to build a veranda or terrace of any scale, size and design. Such a base will withstand a heavy structure made of brick, concrete or natural stone. It easily tolerates soil movements and various soil loads, does not deform and is highly stable, durable and strong. In addition, it will allow you to insulate the walls and floor.

Pile foundation installation

A screw or pile foundation is suitable for a light veranda. It represents piles, which are located at a distance of 1.5-3 meters from each other. A suitable gap would be 2.5 meters. Before installation, the land is cleared and 20 centimeters of the soil layer is removed along the perimeter of the future foundation. If the soil is clayey, experts recommend adding a layer of sand to reduce moisture.

Then the prepared area is marked out and marks are made under the piles so that the angles form 90 degrees. Piles, which are located on the edge of the house, are placed at a distance of 3-4 centimeters from the base of the structure. After that, the piles are screwed according to the marking to the depth of soil freezing to a solid layer at a right angle.

After installation, each pile is cut to the desired height, which depends on the height of the foundation of the house. As a result, the pile foundation should be at least 30-40 centimeters from the ground level, but 20-30 centimeters below the floor level in the house. For a wooden veranda or terrace, concreting is not necessary. If the extension is made of brick, the piles are filled with concrete to the trim level.

From above, the piles are closed with a special cap. If necessary, formwork is made from above and the grillage is poured. Or they lay boards or timber, on which the walls will be mounted.

Installation of a column foundation

Most owners of country houses prefer this option, as it is the most economical and affordable. The columnar foundation for the veranda is a separate supporting structure, which is used asbestos or metal pipes, less often - blocks. Sometimes, for greater strength, the pillars are fastened on top with a grillage.

Installation on pole bases includes the following steps:

Site preparation, including cleaning and marking future posts with pegs and rope;
Pits are made under the pillars with a depth below the freezing level of the soil. Remember that the depth of the foundation of the terrace should be equal to the depth of the base of the main structure;
At the bottom of each pit, a layer of sand 20 centimeters high is covered;
A reinforced mesh is installed in the holes. When fastening the rods, do not use welding, otherwise corrosion will form at the fastening points! Use tie wire;
A pit with a reinforced grating is poured with concrete to ground level or a removable wooden formwork is made, raising the supporting pillars above the ground. The height of the structures in this case should be 20-30 centimeters lower than the height of the floor in the house;
After the concrete has hardened, the formwork is removed, and the free space is filled with crushed stone or poured with concrete mortar;
If necessary, a grillage is poured from above or immediately put a strapping for building walls;
At the end, waterproofing is carried out and, if necessary, insulation of the foundation.

You can also use ready-made blocks made of heavy concrete or expanded clay concrete. This simplifies installation even more, as the products are simply stacked on top of each other to the desired height and fastened with cement mortar. It is important that the resulting pillars are of the same level! Blocks are great for setting the base under a light structure.

The construction of the strip foundation

The site is cleared of debris, mark the outer and inner dimensions of the tape, which will go around the entire perimeter of the veranda or terrace;
Carefully measure the angles with a rope and a plumb line;
From the main foundation of the house, an indent of 200 mm is made to equip the expansion joint;
By marking, they dig a trench up to one meter deep;
A layer of sand 15-20 centimeters high is laid at the bottom of the trench and carefully rammed;
Waterproofing is laid down. To do this, you can use a special film or sheets of roofing material;
Install wooden formwork and make a reinforcing mesh;
The resulting structure is poured with concrete mortar and left to dry. In hot weather, it is recommended to periodically water the concrete surface with cold water;
The dried base is insulated if necessary.

Installation of the foundation is a laborious and responsible process for each structure, even for a lightweight and uncomplicated veranda or terrace. Any errors in calculations and installation, as well as poor-quality materials, will negatively affect the performance of the entire building, and not just the extension. To get a high-quality and durable result, contact the professionals!

Masters of "MariSrub" competently calculate and design the foundation for a country house and a veranda, install the structure with high quality and reliability. We carry out waterproofing and insulation. We build turnkey wooden houses according to an individual and standard project! The list of works includes design and own production of lumber, installation of the foundation and roof, installation of a log house and finishing, installation and connection of engineering networks. We guarantee efficiency and quality of work!

The foundation for the veranda to the house should be built no less responsibly than the foundation of the residential building itself. The arrangement of such a foundation can be done by hand. The main thing in this case is to choose the right type of foundation and strictly observe the technology of its construction.

If the construction of the veranda is carried out simultaneously with the construction of the house, experts advise laying one common foundation for these two objects. In such cases, the room we are interested in becomes, in fact, a full-fledged living room. It can hold water, heating and other communications.

Arrangement of the foundation for the terrace

But most often a terrace or a veranda to the house is laid after the construction of the dwelling. Then it is necessary to build a separate foundation. It is of the following types: columnar, tape, monolithic, pile. It is also allowed to equip the bases for the veranda to the house from natural wood and from those popular today. The columnar foundation is usually built in areas where the groundwater level is quite high.

But the tape bases are good for non-rocky and stable soils. Monolithic foundations are suitable for any terrain. But their construction with their own hands requires considerable financial and labor costs. We will tell you how to build various bases for the veranda to the house yourself in such a way that they reliably support your home for many years of its operation.

This design is made in the form of a number of supporting elements that do not have a rigid connection with each other. After mounting the pillars, they install a strapping for the construction of wall surfaces or a special grillage.

The number of supports required for the column base is determined by the geometric parameters of the terrace you want to build. In this case, it is imperative to mount four supporting elements (they are usually called the main ones) at the corners of the future veranda. If the object being erected is large enough in area and has considerable weight, a number of intermediate pillars should also be installed. The distance between them is most often kept within 150–200 cm.

Construction of a column foundation

Equip the columnar foundation for the veranda according to the following algorithm:

Dig holes for the poles (the depth of the mini-trenches is below the freezing line of the earth).
Pour 20 cm of sand into the dug holes. Note! If a massive terrace is being built or the soil in your area is sandy, crushed stone should be poured into the pit instead of sand, and then filled with bitumen (hot).
Mount reinforcement in the holes (pros recommend using fiberglass products) and fill the pits with concrete.

After that, you need to put the pillars-supports. They are mounted somewhere 0.25 m below the floor line according to the technology that suits you:

You make it to the required height, make pillars of concrete, fill this entire structure with a sand-cement composition.
Fill the pits to ground level with concrete mix, wait for it to harden, and then lay out the brick supports.

Pillars (both brick and concrete) must be waterproofed. The procedure can be performed using a conventional roofing material. As you can see, the columnar foundation for the veranda to the house is built quite simply.

A similar foundation is erected for verandas and terraces with a large mass, built of stone or brick. It is easy to equip it with your own hands, but you will have to aim yourself at labor-intensive work. The construction technology of the strip base is as follows:

Mark the foundation (consider its internal and external parameters). Important! From the base of the house you need to retreat 2 cm. These centimeters are required to perform a special expansion joint. It will smooth out the difference in loads on the main and under construction foundations, protecting them from cracking.
Dig a trench, cover its bottom with 20 cm of sand, which you must compact.
You make a formwork structure, place a frame of reinforcement in it. It is installed 5 cm below the line of the planned concrete pour.
Fill the structure with a solution of gravel, sand and cement M300-M500 (proportions - 3:5:1).

Strip foundation for the terrace

If you are making a concrete composition with your own hands, consider these recommendations. First you need to mix 10 liters of water and cement in a capacious container, and then add sand and gravel to it. Mixing is preferably carried out not manually, but with the help of a nozzle on an electric drill.

When using a concrete mixer, the mixing sequence is different. The first step is to mix all the dry ingredients, the second is to add water. The liquid is added as necessary in small portions. You should get a composition similar in consistency to thick sour cream.

Little nuance. Do you want to make a truly high-quality concrete mortar with your own hands? Add 70 grams of a special plasticizer to the concrete (sold at any hardware store). This ingredient will give the foundation maximum strength due to the fact that it will remove excess moisture from the base. Concrete with a plasticizer allows masonry to easily endure even very severe frosts.

The strip base is also made without the construction of a formwork structure. The technology is like this:

lay out (without mortar) a row of red bricks at the bottom of the trench;
the second and subsequent lines of brickwork are mounted with a solution of cement, water and sand (no need to add crushed stone).

Brick is allowed to be replaced with natural stones. In this case, they are filled with a mixture of sand (3 parts), cement (1) and water (1.5).

A type of columnar base is a screw design. The foundation in this case is equipped with special piles with blades, which allow you to screw the supports into the ground with minimal effort. There is no need to use any special equipment. Piles are installed manually.

Pile foundation for the terrace

Such a basis is considered universal. It can be mounted on soils of any type. And for areas with uneven terrain, this technology is truly indispensable.

Screw structures are built exclusively for light terraces and verandas according to the following scheme:

Remove 20 cm of soil around the perimeter of the future base for construction.
Mark the locations of the screw supports (use pegs and a regular tape measure). Important! The piles located in relation to the residential building along the edges should be located from the foundation of the house at a distance of about 3.5 cm.
Screw the pile elements at a 90-degree angle. The value of the latter is checked after every 2–3 turns.
Cut the support screwed into the soil to the required height. It should be installed 0.2-0.3 m below the floor level and at the same time 0.3-0.4 m above the ground line.
Fill the screw supports with concrete mortar. This part of the work can be omitted if the veranda is built of wood.
Cover each pile with a cap.

In principle, you have already completed the bulk of the work. Now you can lay a wooden beam or edged boards on the heads or fill in the grillage (having previously installed the formwork), and then begin to build the walls of your terrace.